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Intro to World Religion (Finals) Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

Goodluck gois!!!!!!!!

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

Confuc­ianism and Daoism

Confuc­ianism, Daoism, and Buddhism
- The "­Three Teachings of China" are three influe­ntial teachings that have signif­icantly shaped Chinese culture and history, with Buddhism being the only import from India.

Spirits
-Early Chinese belief is polyth­eistic and animistic, with spirits in nature and humans. Good spirits bring health, wealth, and fertility, while bad spirits cause sickness, poverty, and infert­ility. Punish­ments include droughts, earthq­uakes, and floods.

Respect for ancestors
-Ancestors are revered as spirits after death, and their presence is crucial for their positive influence on living family members.

Yang and yin
- The Chinese concept of yang and yin, origin­ating around 1000 B.C.E., refers to the universe's opposite but comple­mentary princi­ples, including light and dark, day and night, hot and cold, sky and earth, male and female nature princi­ples, and right and left. These principles are dynamic and never contra­dic­tory, with the yin-yang circle repres­enting the balance between these forces.

Divination
-Chinese divination is a tradit­ional method of unders­tanding the future, with the oldest technique being read lines in bones and tortoise shells. The 9 Ching, an ancient book, interprets life through hexagrams, which represent life patterns. The I Ching interprets each hexagram, helping indivi­duals make decisions about their future.

Confuc­ianism and Daoism
-Confu­cianism and Daoism are comple­mentary Chinese religious systems, influenced by each other's upbringing and develo­pment. Though treated separa­tely, they can be treated together due to their shared princi­ples.
 

Daoism

Its Defini­tion, Origins, and Develo­pment
Daoism is a combin­ation of early philos­ophical and later religious aspects, with philos­ophical DaoChia prevalent in 300 B.C.E. and ritual­istic DaoChiao emerging after 100 C.E. Both schools are based on the philos­ophical insights of Daoism, which is centered on the signif­icance of the Dao, or "The Way." Confucians and Daoists discuss the Dao in various ways, and the concept of the Dao is more prominent in the Daoist system than in other philos­ophical or religious systems. The Dao remains the most signif­icant concept in the philos­ophical systems of Laozi and Zhuangzi.
Laozi and the Daodejing
Daoism's early philos­ophical orient­ations are attributed to legendary Laozi, which means "old master. A wise man who produced the Daodejing, the scripture of Daoism. Born in Chu kingdom, Laozi dictated the 5000 Chinese characters that comprise the Daodejing. Archae­olo­gists discovered two silk scrolls dated 168 B.C.E. in 1973 and an older copy written on bamboo bundles in a tomb from 300 B.C.E.
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